Laparoscopy is a modern surgical method that allows for the treatment of various conditions without the need for large incisions in the abdomen, resulting in minimal strain on the patient. This modern technique is part of a group of so-called minimally invasive treatment procedures. It has been used in medical practice since 1988, when the first laparoscopic gallbladder surgeries were performed. A similar surgical principle is also used in orthopedics (arthroscopy) and thoracic surgery (thoracoscopy).
The surgery is performed under general anesthesia, commonly referred to as anesthesia. The abdominal cavity is inflated with gas (carbon dioxide) through a small incision in the abdomen, and a miniature camera is then inserted through a special tube called a trocar. Surgical instruments (the number depends on the type of surgery) are gradually introduced through additional small incisions using trocars. The surgical team monitors the camera’s image, which is magnified on a large monitor. The ability to closely examine details allows for more delicate and precise operations than traditional surgeries.
Significantly less postoperative pain, better cosmetic results, and reduced overall strain on the patient. According to statistics, there is a significant reduction in recovery time and, consequently, in work incapacity. Time savings and minimization of stress from surgical difficulties are also reasons why the laparoscopic approach is considered the gold standard for treatment in abdominal surgery for many conditions.
Sometimes, there may be a technical inability to perform the procedure, for example, due to a large number of adhesions from previous surgeries. If this situation arises, the procedure is converted and completed using traditional surgical methods. This all occurs under one general anesthesia, as part of a single operation.
